Sole trader (self-employed)
Income tax bands after the personal allowance plus Class 4 NIC with Class 2 set to £0 in this educational build.
Inputs (2025/26, England & Wales / NI)
Scotland uses different income tax bands — not modelled here. Class 2 NI is £0 for self-employed in this illustrative build.
Estimated net (annual)
£51,911
Effective tax + NIC load 25.8%
Breakdown
- Income tax£15,432
- Employee NIC£0
- Employer NIC£0
- Class 4 NIC£2,657
- Corporation tax£0
- Dividend tax£0
- Total£18,089
Quick comparison
| Structure | Net annual | Effective rate |
|---|---|---|
| Limited company (Ltd) | £56,379 | 17.0% |
| PAYE employee | £55,174 | 42.7% |
| Self-employed (sole trader) | £51,911 | 25.8% |